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The Three Friends of Winter, also known as ''Suihan Sanyou'' (or ''shochikubai''), symbolize the pine, bamboo, and plum. The Chinese observed that the pine, bamboo and plum do not wither as the cold days deepen into the winter season unlike many other plants.〔 Known by them as the ''Three Friends of Winter'', they entered the conventions of East Asian culture.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.colby.edu/art/InkTales/Bowdoin%20Exhibition%20Pages/BEThreeFriendsWinter.html )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.harvardartmuseums.org/exhibitions/past/detail.dot?id=19111 )〕 Together they symbolize steadfastness, perseverance, and resilience. They are highly regarded in Confucianism and as such represent the scholar-gentleman's ideal.〔〔 ==History== The Three Friends of Winter are common in works of Chinese art and those cultures influenced by it. The three are first recorded as appearing together in a ninth-century poem by the Tang Dynasty poet Zhu Qingyu (朱慶餘).〔 The Southern Song Dynasty artist Zhao Mengjian (趙孟堅, c.1199-1264), among others of the time, made this grouping popular in painting. The actual term "Three Friends of Winter" can be traced back to the earliest known mention in literature, the ''Record of the Five-cloud Plum Cottage'' (五雲梅舍記) from ''The Clear Mountain Collection'' (霽山集) by the Song Dynasty writer Lin Jingxi (林景熙, 1242-1310):〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.npm.gov.tw/exh91/3friends/english/infor.htm )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.npm.gov.tw/exh91/3friends/chinese/infor.htm )〕 :''"For his residence, earth was piled to form a hill and a hundred plum trees, which along with lofty pines and tall bamboo comprise the friends of winter, were planted."''〔 :即其居累土為山，種梅百本，與喬松，脩篁為歲寒友。〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Three Friends of Winter」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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